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The synergistic, antagonistic, and additive effects of chemical, physical, and biological soil components can be directly measured by exposure of organisms under conditions that closely resemble natural conditions. Aqueous samples can also be evaluated by preparing artificial soils and then using the aqueous sample to hydrate the test soils instead of using deionized water. Soil contaminants can also be extracted and toxicity tests can be performed using traditional invertebrate and vertebrate species and acute and chronic test protocols.
New England Bioassay performs soil toxicity tests using the following species and protocols:
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